Alternating-current meter.



No. 697,755. Patented Aur. l5, I902.

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ALTERNATING CURRENT METER.

(Application filed Aug. 23, 1900.) (N 0 M 0 d e I.)

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Un'iinn STATES PATENT OFFICE.

GEORGE STERN, OF OHARLOTTENBURG, GERMANY, ASSIGNOR TO GENERAL ELECTRIC COMPANY, A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK.

ALTERNATING-CURRENT METER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 697,755, dated April 15, 1902.

Application filed August 23,1900. Serial No. 28,662. (No model.)

To (LZZ whom it may concern: In the drawings, Figure 1 is a diagram show- Be it known that I, GEORGE STERN, a subing the phase relations of the currents in the ject of the Emperor of Germany, residing at windings ofameter arranged according to my Oharlottenburg,Germany, have invented cerinvention. Fig. 2 represents diagrammatic- 5 tain new and useful Improvements in Alterally shunt and series coils connected to a nating-Ourrent Meters, (Case No. 6,393,) of three-phase system in accordance with myinwhich the following is a specification. vention, and Fig. 3indicates one way in which My invention relates to alternating-current my invention may be applied to an actual memeters, and has for its object to produce a ter construction. o new and improved meter for measuring the In the diagram of Fig. 1, A B 0 represent energy of a balanced three-phase system. the instantaneous values of the currents in It is well known that when the different the mains of a balanced three-phase system branches of a three-phase system are equally and a /3 7/ the electromotive forces between loaded the energyin the system may be meassaid mains. It will be noted that a is dis- I5 nred by an ordinary wattmeter. In this case placed by ninety degrees from A, by ninety it is necessary that the potential winding of degrees from B, and 3/ by ninety degrees from the instrument carry a current which is in C. It is therefore possible, as already eX- phase with the current flowing in the series plained, to measure the energy in the system winding when theload is non-inductive. This by means of an induction-meter having its se- 2o principle has been practically applied in elecries windings supplied with current of the trodynamically-operated meters by connectphase A, B, or G and its shunt-windings suping the potential winding at one end to the plied with current of the phase a, [3, or remain in which the series windingis included spectively. and at its other end to an artificial zero-point. According to my invention it is also possi- 25 When meters operating on the Ferraris prinble to measure the energy in such a system ciple are used, it has heretofore been customby means of windings so arranged that the ary to so connect the shunt and series windphase relation between the currents in the ings of the meter that the current flowing in shunt and series winding is equivalent to a the shunt-winding will be displaced in phase ninety-degree relationon non-inductive load. 8: 30 by ninety degrees from the current in the se- If, therefore, two series windings are used, ries winding or non-inductive load. In such one supplied with current of the phase A and an arrangement the series coil of the instruthe other with the phase B in connection ment is included in circuit with one of the with a shunt-winding supplied with current mains of the system and the shunt-coil is conin the phase a, the effect will be the same 35 nected across the other two mains. as if the meter had a single series winding My invention involves a new arrangement supplied with current in the phase AB and of the actuating windings and employs series a single shunt-winding supplied with current windings supplied with current from two of in the phase -a, (that is, the same effect as the three-phase mains and a shunt-winding if there were a single shunt-winding carrying 4o supplied with current from a circuit 0011- a current displaced by ninety degrees on nonnected across two of the mains. The circuit inductive load from the current in a single in which the shunt-winding is included is so series Winding.) It is on this principle that organized that the magnetization due thereto my meter is constructed. will be displaced by ninety degrees from the In Fig. 2, A B 0 represent the mains of a 45 resultant of the magnetizations to the series three-phase system, D represents a series windings. winding included in circuit with the main A,

My invention will be better understood by and E a series Winding included in circuit reference to the following description, taken with the main B. These windings constitute in connection with the accompanying drawthe series windings of an induction-meter and :00

5o ings, while its scope will be pointed outin the are arranged in cooperative relation to a appended claims. shunt-winding F, which is connected between the main 0 and one of the mains in which the series windings are included. As shown in the drawings, the shunt-windin is connected between the mains B and O and the shunt-circuit is so organized that the current flowing therein will be displaced by thirty degrees from its impressed electromotive force. As shown in the drawings, the requisite selfinduction is obtained by including an inductive resistance in circuit with the shunt-winding; but the shunt-winding itself may be so constructed that it will contain the necessary self-induction, or any other suitable arrangement for producing the desired result may be employed.

In the particular arrangement shown in Fig. 2 the coil D, when the load on the system is non-inductive, is supplied with acurrent whose phase relation is indicated by the line A in Fig. 1, and the coilE isundersimilar conditions traversed by a current whose phase is represented by the line -13, Fig. 1. The potential between the mains B and C is represented by the a in Fig. 1, and, as above stated, the circuit is so organized that the current flowing therein will have a phase lagging by thirty degrees behind its impressed electromotive force, the connections being reversed, so that the shunt-current will have a phase relation represented by the line a in Fig. 1. Such an arrangement of the actuating-windings renders the meter less liable to error due to unbalancing of the system than an arrangement employing only a single series winding and also renders it easier to obtain the proper phase relation of the current flowing in the shunt-winding. The two series windings must both be arranged in cooperative relation to the shunt-winding; but it is not necessary that they should be so arranged that they will actually cooperate to produce a resultant magnetization. They may constitute separate coils or may be combined in a single coil.

In Fig. 3 the invention is shown applied to a meter of ordinary disk type. In this figure F represents, as before, the shunt-winding connected between the mains B and C in a circuit including the self-induction coil G. The series windings are here shown as comprised in a single coil H. The shunt and series coils are arranged in cooperative relation to the disk Lrotating between the poles of the retardingmagnet J and connected through the shaft K with the recording device L.

What I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States, is

1. In combination in an induction-meter for three-phase systems,series windings included in circuit with two of the mains, and a circuit containing a shunt-winding connected between the third main and one of the other mains, said circuit being so organized that the current therein is displaced by ninety degrees from the resultant of the currents flowing in the series windings on non-inductive load.

2. In combinationin an induction-meterfor three-phase systems,series windings included in circuit with two of the mains, and a circuit containing a shunt-winding connected between the third main and one of the other mains, said circuit being so organized that the current therein is displaced by thirty degrees from its impressed electromotive force.

3. In combination in an ind uction-meter for three-phase systems,series windings included in circuit with two of the mains, a shuntwinding connected between the third main and one of the other mains, and means in circuit with said shunt-winding for causing the current therein to be displaced by thirty degrees from its impressed electromotive force.

In witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand this 8th day of August, 1900.

GEORGE STERN.

Witnesses:

Gnone GAGA, M. HAUNKE. 

